The Austria-Prussian War of 1866
The Austria-Prussian War of 1866The Gastein Convention was short-lived. Austria violated the agreement to settle any disputes directly with Prussia when it took its disputes about Holstein directly to the…
The Danish Wars
The Danish WarsTwo German-Danish Wars intervened to influence the make-up of the German Confederation. In 1815, the province of Holstein was admitted to the German Confederation because the population was…
The Germanic Confederation and the Zollverein
The Germanic Confederation and the Zollverein There is general agreement that the First Reich was the Holy Roman Empire, and the Third Reich was Nazi Germany. In 1923, a German…
Infantry company and battalion
Battalions and Companies of InfantryThe staff of each battalion had a commander, usually a major, a captain (so-called staff captain), the battalion adjutant (usually a second lieutenant), four company commanders…
Alsace-Lorraine part two
Alsace-Lorraine part twoTheir military superiors generally considered the soldiers from Alsace-Lorraine unreliable. Those who were considered a significant problem were transferred to the Eastern front against the Russians and away…
Alsace-Lorraine Part one
Alsace-LorrainePart one(Elsaß-Lothringen)This territory, also known as the Reichslande, was a prize seized from France after the Franco-Prussian war of 1871. It was a Reich’s province until it became a quasi-state…
Reconnaissance part two
Reconnaissance part twoThe reconnaissance patrols also came in three types: close-distance, long-distance, and officer patrols. Close-distance patrols were the primary method used in cavalry reconnaissance. They scouted terrain and situations…
Reconnaissance part one
Reconnaissance part 1 Reconnaissance in 1914 was nothing like modern-day reconnaissance. Aviation and horse-mounted reconnaissance were entirely separate. All the cavalry organizations had a glaring absence of aviation. The same…
Heereskavallerie vs. Divisionskavallerie
Heereskavallerie vs. DivisionskavallerieThis critical understanding is something you do not get from Zuber. It is especially important to people who studied the BEF and their defense along the canal at…
Conclusion part two
Conclusion-part twoThe overall operational plan applied in Belgium in August 1914 was at best a gambler’s gambit. As early as August 4, the OHL was considering canceling or delaying the…
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